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Pearl Zane Grey (January 31, 1872 – October 23, 1939) was an American author and dentist. He is known for his popular adventure novels and stories associated with the Western genre in literature and the arts; he idealized the American frontier. Riders of the Purple Sage (1912) was his best-selling book.

In addition to the success of his printed works, his books have second lives and continuing influence adapted for films and television. His novels and short stories were adapted into 112 films, two television episodes, and a television series, Dick Powell's Zane Grey Theatre.Hulse 2007, pp. vii–x.


Biography

Early life
Pearl Zane Grey was born January 31, 1872, in Zanesville, Ohio. His birth name may have originated from newspaper descriptions of 's mourning clothes as "pearl grey".May 1997, p. 5. He was the fourth of five children born to Alice "Allie" Josephine Zane, whose English ancestor Robert Zane came to the American colonies in 1673, and her husband, Lewis M. Gray, a dentist.May 1997, p. 3. His family changed the spelling of their last name to "Grey" after his birth. Grey later dropped "Pearl" and used "Zane" as his first name.

Grey grew up in Zanesville, a city founded by his paternal grandfather Benjamin Zane's brother-in-law, John McIntire (husband of Sarah Zane), who had been given the land by Grey's maternal great-grandfather, , an American Revolutionary War patriot.

Both Grey and his brother were active and athletic boys who were enthusiastic baseball players and fishermen.Gruber 1969, p. 17. From an early age, he was intrigued by history. Soon, he developed an interest in writing. His early interests contributed to his later writing success.Gruber 1969, pp. 6–7. For example, his knowledge of history informed his first three novels, which recounted the heroism of ancestors who fought in the American Revolutionary War.Pauly 2005, p. 13.

As a child, Grey frequently engaged in violent brawls, probably related to his father's punishing him with severe beatings. Though irascible and asocial like his father, Grey was supported by a loving mother and found a father substitute. Muddy Miser was an old man who approved of Grey's love of fishing and writing, and who talked about the advantages of an unconventional life. Despite warnings by Grey's father to steer clear of Miser, the boy spent much time during five formative years in the company of the old man.May 1997, p. 2.

Grey was an avid reader of adventure stories such as and the Leatherstocking Tales, as well as featuring and . He was enthralled by and crudely copied the great illustrators and Frederic Remington.May 1997, p. 6. He was particularly impressed with Our Western Border, a history of the Ohio frontier that likely inspired his earliest novels.Gruber 1969, p. 13. Grey wrote his first story, Jim of the Cave, when he was fifteen. His father tore it to shreds and beat him.May 1997, p. 7.

Because of the shame he felt as the result of a severe financial setback in 1889 due to a poor investment, Lewis Grey moved his family from Zanesville and started again in Columbus, Ohio.May 1997, p. 8. While his father struggled to re-establish his dental practice, Grey made rural house calls and performed basic extractions, which his father had taught him. The younger Grey practiced until the state board intervened. His brother Romer earned money by driving a delivery wagon.Gruber 1969, p. 26. Grey also worked as a part-time usher in a theater and played summer for the Columbus Capitols, with aspirations of becoming a major leaguer.Gruber 1969, p. 22. Eventually, Grey was spotted by a baseball scout and received offers from many colleges. Romer also attracted scouts' attention and went on to have a professional baseball career.


University of Pennsylvania and baseball
Grey chose the University of Pennsylvania on a baseball ; he studied , joined fraternity, and graduated in 1896. When he arrived at Penn, he had to prove himself worthy of a scholarship before receiving it. He rose to the occasion by coming in to pitch against the Riverton club, pitching five scoreless innings and producing a double in the tenth, which contributed to the win.May 1997, p. 11. The was highly competitive and an excellent training ground for future pro baseball players. Grey was a solid hitter and an excellent pitcher who relied on a sharply dropping curveball. When the distance from the pitcher's mound to the plate was lengthened by five feet to 60 feet 6 inches, in 1894 (primarily to reduce the dominance of 's pitching), the effectiveness of Grey's pitching suffered. He was re-positioned to the outfield.Pauly 2005, p. 34. The short, wiry baseball player remained a campus hero on the strength of his timely hitting.May 1997, p. 16.

He was an indifferent scholar, barely achieving a minimum average. Outside class, he spent his time on baseball, swimming, and creative writing, especially poetry. His shy nature and his set him apart from other students, and he socialized little. Grey struggled with the idea of becoming a writer or baseball player for his career, but unhappily concluded that dentistry was the practical choice.

During a summer break, while playing "summer nines" in Delphos, Ohio, Grey was charged with, and quietly settled, a paternity suit. His father paid the $133.40 cost and Grey resumed playing summer baseball. He concealed the episode when he returned to Penn.Pauly 2005, p. 35.

Grey went on to play minor league baseball with several teams, including the Newark, New Jersey Colts in 1898 and also with the Orange Athletic Club for several years. His brother (known as "R.C." to his family) did better and played professionally in the minor leagues. Zane Grey and Romer Grey played together as teammates for the 1895 of the Interstate League. Romer played a single major league game in 1903 for the Pittsburgh Pirates.


Dentistry
After graduating, Grey established his practice in New York City under the name of Dr. Zane Grey in 1896. It was a competitive area but he wanted to be close to publishers. He began to write in the evening to offset the tedium of his dental practice.Gruber 1969, p. 35. He struggled financially and emotionally. Grey was a natural writer but his early efforts were stiff and grammatically weak. Whenever possible, he played baseball with the Orange Athletic Club in New Jersey, a team of former collegiate players that was one of the best amateur teams in the country.

Grey often went camping with his brother R.C. in Lackawaxen, Pennsylvania, where they fished in the upper . When canoeing in 1900, Grey met seventeen-year-old Lina Roth, better known as "Dolly." Dolly came from a family of physicians and was studying to be a schoolteacher.Gruber 1969, p. 38.


Marriage and family
After a passionate and intense courtship marked by frequent quarrels, Grey and Dolly married five years later in 1905. Grey suffered bouts of depression, anger, and , which affected him most of his life. As he described it, "A hyena lying in ambush—that is my black spell! I conquered one mood only to fall prey to the next ... I wandered about like a lost soul or a man who was conscious of imminent death."May 1997, pp. 22–22.

During his courtship of Dolly, Grey still saw previous girlfriends and warned her frankly,

But I love to be free. I cannot change my spots. The ordinary man is satisfied with a moderate income, a home, wife, children, and all that. ... But I am a million miles from being that kind of man and no amount of trying will ever do any good ... I shall never lose the spirit of my interest in women.Pauly 2005, pp. 53, 57.

After they married in 1905, Dolly gave up her teaching career. They moved to a farmhouse at the confluence of the and Delaware rivers, in Lackawaxen, Pennsylvania, where Grey's mother and sister joined them. (This house, now preserved and operated as the Zane Grey Museum, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.) Grey finally ceased his dental practice to work full-time on his nascent literary pursuits. Dolly's inheritance provided an initial financial cushion.Gruber 1969, pp. 49–50.


Early writing career
While Dolly managed Grey's career and raised their three children, including son Romer Zane Grey, over the next two decades Grey often spent months away from the family. He fished, wrote, and spent time with his many mistresses. While Dolly knew of his behavior, she seemed to view it as his handicap rather than a choice. Throughout their life together, he highly valued her management of his career and their family, and her solid emotional support. In addition to her considerable editorial skills, she had good business sense and handled all his contract negotiations with publishers, agents, and movie studios. All of his income was split fifty-fifty with her; from her "share," she covered all family expenses.Gruber 1969, p. 224. Their considerable correspondence shows evidence of his lasting love for her despite his infidelities and personal emotional turmoil.

The Greys moved to California in 1918. In 1920 they settled in Altadena, California, at a home later known as the '"Zane Grey Estate"'. The estate was destroyed in the January, 2025 Altadena Fire. In Altadena Grey also spent time with his mistress Brenda Montenegro. The two met while hiking Eaton Canyon. Of her he wrote,

I saw her flowing raven mane against the rocks of the canyon. I have seen the red skin of the , and the olive of the Spaniards, but her ... her skin looked as if her Creator had in that instant molded her just for me. I thought it was an apparition. She seemed to be the embodiment of the West I portray in my books, open and wild.
Grey summed up his feelings for the city: "In Altadena, I have found those qualities that make life worth living."Pauly 2005, p. 184.

With the help of Dolly's proofreading and copy editing, Grey gradually improved his writing. His first magazine article, "A Day on the Delaware," a human-interest story about a Grey brothers' fishing expedition, was published in the May 1902 issue of magazine.May 1997, p. 23. Elated at selling the article, Grey offered reprints to patients in his waiting room.Gruber 1969, p. 44. In writing, Grey found temporary escape from the harshness of his life and his demons. "Realism is death to me. I cannot stand life as it is."May 1997, p. 22. By this time, he had given up baseball.Gruber 1969, p. 42.

Grey read 's great Western novel The Virginian. After studying its style and structure in detail, he decided to write a full-length work.May 1997, p. 34. Grey had difficulties in writing his first novel, Betty Zane (1903). When it was rejected by Harper & Brothers, he lapsed into despair. The novel dramatized the heroism of an ancestor, who had saved Fort Henry. He self-published it, perhaps with funds provided by his wife Dolly or his brother R. C.'s wealthy girlfriend Reba Smith.Gruber 1969, p. 47. From the beginning, vivid description was the strongest aspect of his writing.May 1997, p. 39.

After attending a lecture in New York in 1907 at the Camp-Fire Club by Charles Jesse "Buffalo" Jones, western hunter and guide who had co-founded Garden City, Kansas, Grey arranged for a -hunting trip to the of the .May 1997, p. 48. He brought along a camera to document his trips and prove his adventures. He also began the habit of taking copious notes, not only of scenery and activities but of dialogue.Gruber 1969, p. 167. His first two trips were arduous, but Grey learned much from his companions on these adventures. He gained the confidence to write convincingly about the American West, its characters, and its landscape. Treacherous river crossings, unpredictable beasts, bone-chilling cold, searing heat, parching thirst, bad water, irascible tempers, and heroic cooperation all became real to him. He wrote, "Surely, of all the gifts that have come to me from contact with the West, this one of sheer love of wildness, beauty, color, grandeur, has been the greatest, the most significant for my work."May 1997, p. 52.

Upon returning home in 1909, Grey wrote a new novel, The Last of the Plainsmen, describing the adventures of Buffalo Jones. Harper's editor rejected it, the fourth work in a row. He told Grey, "I do not see anything in this to convince me you can write either narrative or fiction."Gruber 1969, p. 77. Grey wrote dejectedly,

I don't know which way to turn. I cannot decide what to write next. That which I desire to write does not seem to be what the editors want ... I am full of stories and zeal and fire ... yet I am inhibited by doubt, by fear that my feeling for life is false.Pauly 2005, p. 89.

The book was later published by the American magazine, Outing, which provided Grey some satisfaction. Grey next wrote a series of magazine articles and juvenile novels.

(2007). 9780252074929, University of Illinois Press. .

With the birth of his first child pending, Grey felt compelled to complete his next novel, The Heritage of the Desert. He wrote it in four months in 1910. It quickly became a bestseller. Grey took his next work to Hitchcock again; this time Harper published his work, a historical romance in which characters were of central importance. Grey continued to write popular novels about , the conquest of the , and the behavior of men in elemental conditions.

Two years later Grey produced his best-known book, Riders of the Purple Sage (1912), his all-time best-seller, and one of the most successful Western novels in history.Gruber 1969, pp. 1, 105. Hitchcock rejected it, but Grey took his manuscript directly to the vice president of Harper, who accepted it. The novel had a sequel ( The Rainbow Trail, in 1915), and was filmed five times (in 1918, 1925, 1931, 1941, and 1996; but in later film versions the villains are corrupt judges or lawyers, not Mormon polygamists).


Later career
Zane Grey had become a household name; thereafter, Harper eagerly received all his manuscripts. Other publishers caught on to the commercial potential of the Western novel. and were among the most notable of other writers of Westerns.Gruber 1969, pp. 108, 110. Grey's publishers paired his novels with some of the best illustrators of the time, including N. C. Wyeth, , , W. Herbert Dunton, W. H. D. Koerner, and Charles Russell.May 1997, p. 83.

Grey had the time and money to engage in his first and greatest passion: fishing. From 1918 until 1932, he was a regular contributor to magazine. As one of its first celebrity writers, he began to popularize big-game fishing. Several times he went deep-sea fishing in Florida to relax and to write in solitude.Gruber 1969, p. 117. Although he commented that "the sea, from which all life springs, has been equally with the desert my teacher and religion", Grey was unable to write a great .May 1997, p. 120. He felt the sea soothed his moods, reduced his depressions, and gained him the opportunity to harvest deeper thoughts:

Over the years, Grey spent part of his time traveling and the rest of the year writing novels and articles. Unlike writers who could write every day, Grey would have dry spells and then sudden bursts of energy, in which he could write as much as 100,000 words in a month.Gruber 1969, p. 214. He wrote longhand in pencil with little punctuation and his first draft was the final one. Punctuation was added later by secretaries when they were preparing the manuscript for publication. He encountered fans in most places. He visited the Rogue River in in 1919 for a fishing expedition, and fell in love with it. He returned in the 1920s, eventually setting up a cabin on the lower Rogue River. Grey captured the river's essence in two books: Tales of Freshwater Fishing and Rogue River Feud. Other excursions took him to Washington state and .Gruber 1969, p. 218.

From 1923 to 1930, he spent a few weeks a year at his cabin on the , in Central . After years of abandonment and decay, the cabin was restored in 1966 by , a Phoenix air conditioning magnate. He opened it to the public as a free-of-charge museum. The destroyed the cabin in 1990. It was later reconstructed 25 miles away in the town of Payson.

During the 1930s, Grey continued to write, but the hurt the publishing industry. His sales fell off, and he found it more difficult to sell serializations. He had avoided making investments that would have been affected by the stock market crash of 1929, and continued to earn royalty income, so he did better than many financially. Nearly half of the film adaptations of his novels were made in the 1930s.Pauly 2005, p. 311.

From 1925 to his death in 1939, Grey traveled more and further from his family. He became interested in exploring unspoiled lands, particularly the islands of the South Pacific, New Zealand and Australia. He thought Arizona was beginning to be overrun by tourists and speculators.May 1997, p. 149. Near the end of his life, Grey looked into the future and wrote:


Reception by critics
The more books Grey sold, the more the established critics, such as and , attacked him. They claimed his depictions of the West were too fanciful, too violent, and not faithful to the moral realities of the frontier. They thought his characters unrealistic and much larger-than-life. Broun stated that "the substance of any two Zane Grey books could be written upon the back of a postage stamp."May 1997, p. 157.

T. K. Whipple praised a typical Grey novel as a modern version of the ancient saga, "a battle of passions with one another and with the will, a struggle of love and hate, or remorse and revenge, of blood, lust, honor, friendship, anger, grief—all of a grand scale and all incalculable and mysterious." However, he also criticized Grey's writing: "His style, for example, has the stiffness which comes from an imperfect mastery of the medium. It lacks fluency and facility."Pauly 2005, p. 258.

Grey based his work in his own varied first-hand experience, supported by careful note-taking, and considerable research.Gruber 1969, pp. 166–67. Despite his great popular success and fortune, Grey read the reviews and sometimes became paralyzed by negative emotions after critical ones.May 1997, p. 133.

In 1923, a reviewer said Grey's "moral ideas ... were decidedly askew." Grey reacted with a 20-page treatise, "My Answer to the Critics." He defended his intentions to produce great literature in the setting of the Old West.May 1997, p. 134. He suggested that critics should ask his readers what they think of his books, and noted actor and fan as an example. Dolly warned him against publishing the treatise, and he retreated from a public confrontation.

His novel The Vanishing American (1925), first serialized in The Ladies' Home Journal in 1922, prompted a heated debate. People recognized its hero as patterned after , a great Native American athlete. Grey portrayed the struggle of the Navajo to preserve their identity and culture against corrupting influences of the white government and of . This viewpoint enraged religious groups. Grey contended, "I have studied the Navaho Indians for 12 years. I know their wrongs. The missionaries sent out there are almost everyone mean, vicious, weak, immoral, useless men."May 1997, p. 138. To have the book published, Grey agreed to some structural changes. With this book, Grey completed the most productive period of his writing career, having laid out most major themes, character types, and settings.May 1997, p. 143.

His Wanderer of the Wasteland is a thinly disguised autobiography.May 1997, p. 118. One of his books, "Tales of the Angler's El Dorado, New Zealand," helped establish the Bay of Islands in New Zealand as a premier area. Several of his later writings (e.g., ) were based in Australia.


Fishing
Grey co-founded the "Porpoise Club" with his friend, Robert H. Davis of Munsey's Magazine, to popularize the sport of hunting of and . They made their first catch off Seabright, New Jersey, on September 21, 1912, where they harpooned and reeled in a bottlenose dolphin.George Reiger, ed., The Best of Zane Grey, Outdoorsman: Hunting and Fishing Tales (Stackpole Books, 1992)Pauly 2007, p. 149.

Grey's son claims in the introduction to Tales of Tahitian Waters that Zane Grey fished on average 300 days a year through his adult life. Grey and his brother R.C. were frequent visitors to , , where they helped to establish the Long Key Fishing Club, built by Henry Morrison Flagler. Zane Grey was its president from 1917 to 1920. He pioneered the fishing of Boohoo fish (). Zane Grey Creek was named for him. Long Key, Keys History website

Grey indulged his interest in fishing with visits to Australia and New Zealand. He first visited New Zealand in 1926 and caught several large fish of great variety, including a , a ferocious fighter that presented a new challenge. Grey established a base at Otehei Bay, Urupukapuka Island in the Bay of Islands, which became a destination for the rich and famous. He wrote many articles in international sporting magazines highlighting the uniqueness of New Zealand fishing, which has produced heavy-tackle world records for the major , striped , black marlin, blue marlin and broadbill. A lodge and camp were established at Otehei Bay in 1927 called the Zane Grey Sporting Club. He held numerous world records during this time and invented the teaser, a hookless bait that is still used today to attract fish. Grey made three additional fishing trips to New Zealand. The second was January to April 1927, the third December 1928 to March 1929, and the last from December 1932 to February 1933.

Grey fished out of Wedgeport, Nova Scotia, for many summers.

Grey also helped establish deep-sea sport fishing in New South Wales, Australia, particularly in Bermagui, which is famous for marlin fishing. Patron of the Bermagui Sport Fishing Association for 1936 and 1937, Grey set a number of world records, and wrote of his experiences in his book An American Angler in Australia.

From 1928 on, Grey was a frequent visitor to . He fished the surrounding waters several months at a time and maintained a permanent fishing camp at . He claimed that these were the most difficult waters he had ever fished, but from these waters he also took some of his most important records, such as the first marlin over .

Grey had built a getaway home in Santa Catalina Island, California, which still serves as the Zane Grey Pueblo Hotel. He served as president of Catalina's exclusive fishing club, the Tuna Club of Avalon.Pete Thomas, Pioneers on the angling front, The Los Angeles Times, December 9, 2003


Death
Zane Grey died of heart failure on October 23, 1939, aged 67 at his home in Altadena, California. He was interred at the Lackawaxen and Union Cemetery, Lackawaxen, Pennsylvania.


Legacy

Literary works
Grey became one of the first millionaire authors.

Zane Grey was a major force in shaping the myths of the Old West; his books and stories were adapted into other media, such as film and TV productions. He was the author of more than 90 books, some published posthumously or based on serials originally published in magazines. His total book sales exceeded 40 million.Gruber 1969, p. 143.

Grey wrote not only Westerns, but also two hunting books, six children's books, three baseball books, and eight fishing books.Gruber 1969, p. 2. Many of them became bestsellers. It has been estimated he wrote more than nine million words in his career.Gruber 1969, p. 3. From 1917 to 1926, Grey was in the top ten best-seller list nine times, which required sales of more than 100,000 copies each time.Gruber 1969, p. 1. Even after his death, Harper had a stockpile of his manuscripts and continued to publish a new title yearly until 1963.May 1997, p. 151. During the 1940s and afterward, as Grey's books were reprinted as paperbacks, his sales exploded.

Erle Stanley Gardner, prolific author of mystery novels and the series, said of Grey:

Grey was the favorite writer of President Dwight D. Eisenhower.

(2025). 9781845457211, Berghahn Books.


Books published after his death
A 1950 newspaper article stated that Romer Zane Grey and his mother had completed work on Cahuenga Pass, one of Zane Grey's unfinished novels, and that a film treatment would be prepared. In 1953 columnist reported that a proposed film project, Thirty Thousand on the Hoof, was based on one of the six unfinished Grey novels that had been completed by his wife.


Hollywood and other media
Grey started his association with Hollywood when William Fox bought the rights to Riders of the Purple Sage for $2,500 in 1916.May 1997, p. 103. The ascending arc of Grey's career matched that of the motion picture industry. It eagerly adapted stories to the screen practically from its inception, with Bronco Billy Anderson becoming the first major western star.May 1997, p. 105. Legendary director was then a young stage hand and , who had been a real cowhand, was defining the persona of the film cowboy.May 1997, p. 106. The Grey family moved to California to be closer to the film industry and to enable Grey to fish in the Pacific.

After his first two books were adapted to the screen, Grey formed his own company. This enabled him to control production values and faithfulness to his books. After seven films he sold his company to who was a partner of the founder of Paramount Pictures. Paramount made a number of movies based on Grey's writings and hired him as advisor.May 1997, pp. 108–109. Many of his films were shot at locations described in his books.

In 1936 Grey appeared as himself in a feature film shot in Australia, White Death (1936). At the same time he provided a story that was filmed as (1936).

Grey became disenchanted by the commercial exploitation and copyright infringement of his works. He felt his stories and characters were diluted by being adapted to film.May 1997, p. 110. Nearly 50 of his novels were converted into more than 100 Western movies.Gruber 1969, p. 4. Shortly after Grey's death, the success of Fritz Lang's Western Union (1941), a film based on one of his books, helped bring about a resurgence in Hollywood westerns. Its costars were and Robert Young. The period of the 1940s and 1950s included the great works of , who successfully used the settings of Grey's novels in Arizona and Utah.Pauly 2005, p. 312.

The success of Grey's The Lone Star Ranger (the novel was adapted into four movies: 1914, 1919, 1930 and 1942, and a in 1949) and King of the Royal Mounted (popular as a series of Big Little Books and comics, later turned into a 1936 film and three film serials) inspired two radio series by (WXYZ, ). Later these were adapted again for television, forming the series The Lone Ranger and Challenge of the Yukon ( Sgt. Preston of the Yukon on TV). More of Grey's work was featured in adapted form on The Zane Grey Show, which ran on the Mutual Broadcasting System for five months in the 1940s, and the "Zane Grey Western Theatre," which had a five-year run of 145 episodes.

Many famous actors got their start in films based on Zane Grey books. They included , , , , , , , and . , later director of Gone with the Wind, and , who later directed True Grit, both learned their craft on Grey films.


Honors and awards
  • The National Park Service maintains his former home in Lackawaxen, Pennsylvania as the Zane Grey Museum, a part of the Upper Delaware Scenic and Recreational River area.
  • Zanesville, Ohio, has a museum named in his honor, the National Road-Zane Grey Museum.
  • Zane Grey Terrace, a small residential street in the hillsides of Altadena, is named in his honor.
  • The Zane Grey Tourist Park in Bermagui, Australia.
  • "Zane Greys'" a headland at the western end of Matapaua Bay, New Zealand.
  • The Zane Grey Continuation School is located adjacent to Reseda High School in Reseda, Los Angeles, California.
  • Zane Grey room is located at the Sigma Nu – Beta Rho house in honor of where Zane Grey lived for part of his time at the University of Pennsylvania.
  • Wilder Ranch State Park near Santa Cruz, California named the Zane Grey Trail after the author. Grey briefly worked as a ranch hand at Wilder Ranch.
  • Zane Grey Roadless Area (58,000 acres), along the Rogue River, is managed by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) in Oregon, USA.
  • In 1977, he was inducted into the Hall of Great Westerners of the National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum.


Works
Works published posthumously after 1939 include original novels, sequels to earlier novels, and compilations and revisions of previously published novels. All western works were translated from English into Spanish by Editorial Juventud in 1959 for the CLASICOS Y MODERNOS collection.


Books
1903Betty ZaneHistoricalCharles Francis Press IARepublished in 1974 as The Last Ranger
1906The Spirit of the BorderA.L. Burt Company Sequel to Betty Zane
1908The Last of the PlainsmenWesternOuting Publishing Inspired by Charles "Buffalo" Jones
1909The Last TrailHistoricalA.L. Burt Company Sequel to The Spirit of the Border
The Short StopBaseballA.C. McClurg
1910The Heritage of the DesertWesternHarper & Brothers
The Young Forester
1911The Young PitcherBaseball
The Young Lion HunterWestern
1912Riders of the Purple Sage IA PG LibriVox
Ken Ward in the Jungle
1913Desert Gold
1914The Light of Western Stars
The Rangers of the Lone Star
The Lone Star Ranger
1915The Rainbow Trail Sequel to Riders of the Purple Sage
1916The Border Legion
1917Wildfire
1918The Roaring U.P. Trail
1919The Desert of Wheat
Tales of FishesFishing
1920The Man of the ForestWesternGrosset & Dunlap
The Redheaded Outfield and other Baseball StoriesBaseballHarper & Brothers
1921The Mysterious RiderWestern IA LibriVox
To the Last Man
1922The Day of the BeastFiction
Tales of Lonely TrailsAdventure
1923Wanderer of the WastelandWestern
Tappan's Burro
1924The Call of the Canyon
Roping Lions in the Grand CanyonAdventure
Tales of Southern RiversFishing
1925The Thundering HerdWestern
The Vanishing American
Captives of the Desert
Tales of Fishing Virgin SeasFishing
1926Under the Tonto RimWestern
Tales of the Angler's Eldorado, New ZealandFishing
1927Western
Tales of Swordfish and TunaFishing
1928NevadaWestern Sequel to Forlorn River
Wild Horse Mesa
Don, the Story of a Lion Dog
Avalanche
Tales of Fresh Water FishingFishing
1929Fighting CaravansWestern
Stairs of Sand Sequel to Wanderer of the Wasteland
1930The Wolf Tracker
The Shepherd of Guadaloupe
1931Sunset Pass
Tales of Tahitian WatersFishing
Book of Camps and TrailsAdventure Partial re-print of Tales of Lonely Trails
1932Western
Robbers' Roost
1933The Drift Fence
The Hash Knife Outfit Sequel to The Drift Fence
1934The Code of the West
1935Thunder Mountain
The Trail DriverWhitman Publishing
1936The Lost Wagon TrainHarper & Brothers
1937West of the PecosWhitman Publishing
An American Angler in AustraliaFishing
1938Raiders of Spanish PeaksWestern
1939Western UnionHarper & Brothers
Knights of the Range
1940Thirty Thousand on the Hoof Republished as Woman of the Frontier
Sequel to Knights of the Range
1942Majesty's Rancho Sequel to Light of Western Stars
1943Omnibus
1944The Wilderness Trek
1946Shadow on the Trail
1947Valley of Wild Horses
1948Rogue River FeudFishing / Western
1949The Deer StalkerWestern
1950The Maverick Queen
1951The Dude Ranger
1952Captives of the Desert
Adventures in FishingFishing Compilation of 1919-37 Fishing stories.
1953WyomingWestern
1954
1955Black Mesa
1956Stranger from the Tonto
1957The Fugitive Trail
1958
1959Horse Heaven Hill
1960The Ranger and Other StoriesHarper & Row
1961Blue Feather and Other Stories
1963Boulder DamHistoricalHarperCollins
1974The Adventures of FinspotFishingD-J Books
1975Zane Grey's Greatest Indian StoriesWesternDorchester Publishing Includes original ending to The Vanishing American (1925)
The Buffalo HunterGunsmoke IACompilation of Grey stories
1977The Reef GirlFishingHarper & Row
1978Tales from a Fisherman's LogHodder & Stoughton ZG in 2nd visit New Zealand - 1927.
1979The Camp Robber and Other StoriesWesternWalter J. Black
1981The Lord of Lackawaxen CreekAdventureLime Rock Press
1982FishingWalter J. Black, Reed NZ Partial reprint of 1926 edition (first 10 chapters,) plus additional content. Australian edition has similar title but "South Pacific" replaces "New Zealand."
Lost in the Never NeverAustralian NovellaIan Henry Publishers And Silvermane in same volume
1994George Washington, FrontiersmanHistoricalUniversity of Pennsylvania Press and Forge Books
1996Last of the DuanesWesternGunsmoke Westerns Unabridged version of The Lone Star Ranger (1915)
2003The Desert CrucibleLeisure Books Unabridged version of The Rainbow Trail (1915)
2004Tonto Basin Unabridged version of To the Last Man (1921)
2007Shower of Gold Unabridged version of Desert Gold (1915)
2008The Great Trek"Western" set in AustraliaFive Star Unabridged version of The Wilderness Trek (1944)
2009Tales of the GladiatorFishingZG Collections Diary entries from Grey on Gladiator; 1920s, California fishing
2016Tales of Florida FishesZane Grey's West Society Compilation of Grey stories


Films
Between 1911 and 1996, 112 films were adapted from Grey's novels and stories. In addition, three television series included episodes adapted from his work, including Dick Powell's Zane Grey Theatre (1956–58).

  • Fighting Blood (1911 short) ( Watch) novel
  • Graft (1915) story
  • The Border Legion (1918) novel
  • Riders of the Purple Sage (1918) novel
  • The Rainbow Trail (1918) story
  • The Light of the Western Stars (1918) novel
  • The Lone Star Ranger (1919) novel
  • The Last of the Duanes (1919) story
  • Desert Gold (1919)
  • Riders of the Dawn (1920) novel The Desert of Wheat
  • Days of Daring (1920 short) novel In the Days of Thundering Herd
  • The U.P. Trail (1920) novel
  • Man of the Forest (1921) novel
  • The Mysterious Rider (1921) novel
  • The Last Trail (1921) novel
  • When Romance Rides (1922) novel Wildfire
  • Golden Dreams (1922) story
  • To the Last Man (1923) novel
  • The Lone Star Ranger (1923) novel
  • The Call of the Canyon (1923) story
  • Heritage of the Desert (1924) novel
  • Wanderer of the Wasteland (1924) novel
  • The Border Legion (1924) novel
  • The Last of the Duanes (1924) story
  • The Thundering Herd (1925) novel
  • Riders of the Purple Sage (1925) ( Watch) novel
  • Code of the West (1925) novel
  • The Rainbow Trail (1925) story
  • The Light of Western Stars (1925) novel
  • Wild Horse Mesa (1925) novel
  • The Vanishing American (1925) novel
  • Desert Gold (1926) novel
  • Born to the West (1926) story
  • Forlorn River (1926) novel
  • Man of the Forest (1926) novel
  • The Last Trail (1927) novel
  • The Mysterious Rider (1927) novel
  • Drums of the Desert (1927) novel Captives of the Desert
  • Lightning (1927) story
  • Nevada (1927) novel
  • Open Range (1927) novel Valley of Wild Horses
  • Under the Tonto Rim (1928) novel
  • The Vanishing Pioneer (1928) novel Golden Dreams
  • The Water Hole (1928) story
  • Avalanche (1928) novel
  • Sunset Pass (1929) novel
  • Stairs of Sand (1929) novel
  • The Lone Star Ranger (1930) novel
  • The Light of Western Stars (1930) novel
  • The Border Legion (1930) novel
  • The Last of the Duanes (1930) novel
  • El último de los Vargas (1930) novel
  • Fighting Caravans (1931) novel Wagon Wheels
  • Riders of the Purple Sage (1931) novel
  • The Rainbow Trail (1932) story
  • Heritage of the Desert (1932) story
  • The Golden West (1932) story
  • Wild Horse Mesa
  • End of the Trail (1932) story
  • Robbers' Roost (1932) novel
  • The Woman Accused (1933) story Liberty Magazine along with 7 other authors
  • (1933) novel Canyon Walls
  • The Thundering Herd (1933) story
  • Under the Tonto Rim (1933) novel The Bee Hunter
  • Sunset Pass (1933) novel
  • Life in the Raw (1933) novel
  • The Last Trail (1933) novel
  • Man of the Forest (1933) novel
  • To the Last Man (1933) story
  • The Last Round-Up (1934) novel The Border Legion
  • Wagon Wheels (1934) novel Fighting Caravans
  • The Dude Ranger (1934) story
  • West of the Pecos (1934) novel
  • Home on the Range (1935) novel Code of the West
  • Rocky Mountain Mystery (1935) novel Golden Dreams
  • Wanderer of the Wasteland (1935) novel
  • Thunder Mountain (1935) novel
  • Nevada (1935) novel
  • (1936) novel
  • Desert Gold (1936) novel
  • The Arizona Raiders (1936) novel Raiders of Spanish Peaks
  • King of the Royal Mounted (1936) story
  • End of the Trail (1936) novel Outlaws of Palouse
  • (1936) novel Stairs of Sand
  • (1936) novel
  • Forlorn River (1937) novel
  • Roll Along, Cowboy (1937) novel The Dude Ranger
  • (1937) story "Arizona Ames"
  • Born to the West (1937) novel
  • The Mysterious Rider (1938) characters
  • Heritage of the Desert (1939) novel
  • The Light of Western Stars (1940) novel
  • Knights of the Range (1940) story
  • The Border Legion (1940) novel
  • Western Union (1941) novel
  • Last of the Duanes (1941) story
  • Riders of the Purple Sage (1941) novel
  • Lone Star Ranger (1942) novel
  • Nevada (1944) novel
  • Wanderer of the Wasteland (1945) novel
  • West of the Pecos (1945) novel
  • Sunset Pass (1946) novel
  • Code of the West (1947) novel
  • Thunder Mountain (1947) novel
  • Gunfighters (1947) novel Twin Sombreros
  • Under the Tonto Rim (1947) novel
  • Wild Horse Mesa
  • Red Canyon (1949) novel Wildfire
  • Robbers' Roost (1955) story
  • The Vanishing American (1955) novel
  • Chevron Hall of Stars (1956, TV) story "The Lone Hand"
  • Schlitz Playhouse of Stars (1956 TV) story "A Tale of Wells Fargo"
  • The Maverick Queen (1956) novel
  • Dick Powell's Zane Grey Theatre (1956–58 TV) stories for 6 episodes
  • Riders of the Purple Sage (1996, TV film) novel


See also


Bibliography


Further reading


External links
Sources

Archival materials

Other

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